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International Monetary Fund
- Fiscal Monitor: How to Mitigate Climate Change October 16, 2019
- Fiscal Monitor, October 2019 : How to Mitigate Climate Change October 10, 2019
- Fiscal Monitor, April 2019 : Curbing Corruption April 10, 2019
- Fiscal Monitor: Curbing Corruption April 1, 2019
World Trade Organization — Latest news
- Items proposed for consideration at the next meeting of Dispute Settlement Body December 18, 2019The WTO Secretariat has circulated a meeting notice and list of items proposed for the next meeting, on 18 December 2019, of the Dispute Settlement Body, which consists of all WTO members and oversees legal disputes among them. The meeting notice is circulated in the form of a document officially called an “airgram”. WTO
- Report shows trade restrictions by WTO members at historically high levels December 12, 2019The Director-General’s annual overview of trade-related developments discussed on 12 December at a meeting of the Trade Policy Review Body shows that trade restrictions by WTO members continue at historically high levels. Between mid-October 2018 and mid-October 2019, the trade coverage of import-restrictive measures implemented by members was estimated at USD 747 billion. This is […] WTO
- Ukraine launches safeguard investigation on syringes December 11, 2019On 11 December 2019, Ukraine notified the WTO’s Committee on Safeguards that it initiated on 2 December 2019 a safeguard investigation on syringes. WTO
- Appellate Body issues report regarding Moroccan duties on Turkish steel December 10, 2019On 10 December the Appellate Body issued its report in the case brought by Turkey in “Morocco — Anti-Dumping Measures on Certain Hot Rolled Steel from Turkey” (DS513). On 4 December Morocco notified the Appellate Body that it had withdrawn its appeal in this dispute. WTO
Promissory Note
In international trade, Exporters and Importers often use promissory notes in combination with letter of credits especially when deferred payment terms have been granted. The promissory Note is a document within which the issuer (maker) gives an unconditional promise to […]
Bill of Exchange
The bill of exchange is a document within which one party ( the drawer) gives the order to another (the drawee) to pay unconditionally a sum of money at a given place and date, for goods or services received. By […]
Forfaiting
Forfaiting is a financing method whereby the forfaiting company purchases a payment receivable at its face value (invoice value) minus costs which are composed of a discount and a risk premium. The existence of payment receivables can be […]
When should I use a confirmed Letter of credit
A letter of credit is by nature, a tool that protects exporters from the non-payment risk. As developed in our article which details the process of a letter of credit , if you require a commitment from a confirming bank […]